Last time, I explained the big framework of the air conditioning system, but this time, let's see how it functions and what needs to be done. In fact, the best thing to do is to explain it in a video. I'm not good at it. But I'm going to explain it so that we can do "image training" very easily, which we can do well. I hope you read this and draw it in your head and think about how it works.
※configuration of the cooling system
- Compressor
- Condenser
- the expansion valve
- Evaporator
It consists of this. So the first thing I was confused about was the compressor...? The condenser...? Isn't it similar...? If you look at the dictionary meaning
Compression (壓縮): To reduce the volume of a substance by applying pressure
Condensation (凝縮): A gas turns into a liquid. Or such a phenomenon. For example, water vapor in the air turns into clouds and dew with fine dust or ions as its core.
In other words, compression means reducing the volume of an object by applying pressure, and condensation means changing the state of a material through temperature changes in addition to pressure.
principle of cooling
- Compressor: Also commonly known as the compressor, it plays a crucial role in the air conditioning system. It's responsible for suctioning the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas evaporated in the evaporator. The compressor then increases the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant gas to a level where it can be easily liquefied in the condenser.
- Condenser: The compressed refrigerant gas is then sent to the condenser. Similar to the role of a car's generator, the condenser receives the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant vapor from the compressor. Here, it facilitates the conversion of the hot refrigerant vapor back into its original liquid form using the cooling effect of either coolant or ambient air. In other words, it transforms the gas back into a liquid.
- Evaporator: After the refrigerant is liquefied in the condenser, it goes through a phase change process in the evaporator. The liquid refrigerant evaporates into a gas as it absorbs heat from the surrounding air, rapidly lowering the temperature. The evaporator is responsible for providing cold air to the vehicle's interior.
- Expansion Valve: Following the evaporation process, the expanded refrigerant passes through the expansion valve. This valve controls the flow of refrigerant into the evaporator, regulating its pressure and ensuring optimal cooling efficiency.
This cyclic process continues as the expanded refrigerant returns to the compressor, repeating the sequence to supply cold air to the vehicle's interior.
※ expansion valve
: It is a device that drops the pressure of the liquid refrigerant and serves to control the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator, and is a device necessary for optimizing system performance.
<Organization>
Condensation: gas → liquid, heat dissipation, ambient temperature ↑, refrigerant temperature ↓
Evaporation: liquid → gas, heat absorption, ambient temperature ↓, refrigerant temperature ↑
Using this principle, the compressor increases the pressure and temperature to a condensation temperature and a significant saturation pressure so that it can be condensed easily for condensation, and the gaseous refrigerant is condensed in the condenser to lower the refrigerant temperature and to let the surrounding hot air that absorbs the heat of the refrigerant go outside. The cooled refrigerant goes back to the evaporator as a gas refrigerant, absorbs the surrounding heat and drastically lowers the surrounding temperature. The blower's wind blows cold air through the cold evaporator to supply the user with cold air.
This is the principle of cooling.
principle of Heating
Car heaters are broadly categorized into two types: water-based and combustion-based. Water-based heaters are more commonly used and typically consist of hoses, ducts, heater cores, and blowers.
- Hoses: Flexible tube-like pipes used for circulating coolant in the heater system. They transport coolant from the engine to the heater core and back to the engine.
- Ducts: Channels used to distribute heated air from the heater throughout the vehicle interior. They move warm air generated by the heater to various locations inside the vehicle.
- Heater Core: The component where coolant circulates, absorbing heat and warming the air. Connected to the engine's cooling system, the heater core utilizes the heat from the coolant to operate the heater.
- Blower: Responsible for pushing the warm air generated by the heater into the vehicle interior. Positioned near the heater core, the blower circulates air to heat or cool the cabin.
The basic operating principle involves the engine coolant, which heats up to around 85 degrees Celsius due to the combustion heat from the engine's fuel. Using this arrangement, coolant is fed into the heater core through water pipes. As the coolant passes through the heater core, forced air from the blower unit's fan is directed through the heater core, facilitating heat exchange between the forced air and the heater core. This process raises the temperature of the interior air.
<Organization>
Simply put, heat the air with a heater and send the heated air to the user with a blower.
It is much simpler than the principle of cooling. In fact, yes, it is easier to heat than to cool it.
So, there's nothing. It's just that the mechanism for adjusting the temperature using various sensors according to the set temperature is complicated, and the principle of heating itself is simple.
